What instruments are used to measure mass? | TutorChase (2024)

Mass is typically measured using instruments such as balances, scales, and mass spectrometers.

A balance is a device that measures mass by balancing an object against a known mass. There are different types of balances, including beam balances, spring balances, and electronic balances. Beam balances, such as the triple beam balance, have a beam with a sliding weight and two pans. One pan holds the object to be weighed, while the other holds the counterweights. Spring balances, on the other hand, measure mass by the stretch or compression of a spring. Electronic balances use an electric current to measure mass.

Scales are another common instrument used to measure mass. They work on the principle of weight, which is the force exerted by gravity on an object. The weight of an object is directly proportional to its mass. Therefore, by measuring the weight, the mass can be determined. There are various types of scales, including mechanical scales, digital scales, and bathroom scales. Mechanical scales use a spring and a dial to display the weight, while digital scales use sensors and a digital display.

Mass spectrometers are used to measure the masses of atoms and molecules. They work by ionising a sample to create charged particles, which are then accelerated and deflected by electric and magnetic fields. The amount of deflection depends on the mass of the particles, allowing their masses to be determined. Mass spectrometers are used in a wide range of scientific fields, including chemistry, physics, and biology.

IGCSE Physics Tutor Summary: Mass is measured using balances, scales, and mass spectrometers. Balances compare the mass of objects using counterweights or electronic methods. Scales determine mass by measuring weight, the force of gravity on an object. Mass spectrometers analyse the masses of atoms and molecules by observing their behaviour in electric and magnetic fields.

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